TsKB-55 was a two-seat aircraft with an armoured shell weighing 700 kg (1,540 lb), protecting crew, engine, radiators, and the fuel tank. Il-2 was designed by Sergey Ilyushin and his team at the Central Design Bureau in 1938. However, Soviet engines at the time lacked the power needed to provide the heavy aircraft with good performance. The idea for a Soviet armored ground-attack aircraft dates to the early 1930s, when Dmitry Pavlovich Grigorovich designed TSh-1 and TSh-2 armored biplanes. Il-2M at the National Aviation Museum in Krumovo, Bulgaria 2.1 Initial use and operational confusion.Joseph Stalin paid the Il-2 a great tribute in his own inimitable manner: when a particular production factory fell behind on its deliveries, Stalin sent an angrily-worded cable to the factory manager, stating "They are as essential to the Red Army as air and bread." "I demand more machines. The Il-2 aircraft played a crucial role on the Eastern Front. Its postwar NATO reporting name was " Bark". To the soldiers on the ground, it was the "Hunchback", the "Flying Tank" or the "Flying Infantryman". To Il-2 pilots, the aircraft was simply the diminutive "Ilyusha". In combination with its successor, the Ilyushin Il-10, a total of 42,330 were built, making it the single most produced military aircraft design in all of aviation history, as well as one of the most produced piloted aircraft in history along with the American postwar civilian Cessna 172 and the Soviet Union's own Polikarpov Po-2 biplane, sometimes seen side-by-side with the big armored Ilyushin design on the front lines. The Ilyushin Il-2 ( Cyrillic: Илью́шин Ил-2) was a ground-attack aircraft ( Cyrillic: Штурмовик, Shturmovik) in the Second World War, produced by the Soviet Union in very large numbers.
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